Korean grammar '-게(2)'

Korean grammar #78 '-게(2)'

1. Explanation

 : '-게(2)' is a connective ending particle that indicates purpose. So it indicates that the preceding clause is a purpose or result of the following clause. Also It is used when the following clause provides a condition or method to achieve the situation in the preceding clause. It is attached after verbs or adjectives. It always conjugates with '-게', so don't need to check a verb stem or adjective stem. Let's look at the examples.

 

2. Examples

 나도 마시게 물을 남겨줘. (Please leave some water so that I can drink as well.)

 *마시다 to drink 

  1) A verb stem is '마시-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 마시게

 

 오늘까지 마무리하게 서둘러 주세요. (Please hurry to finish it by today.)

 *마무리하다 to finish

  1) A verb stem is '마무리하-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 마무리하게

 

 같이 저녁을 먹게 6시까지 오세요. (Please come by 6 o'clock so we can have dinner together.)

 *먹다 to eat 

  1) A verb stem is '먹-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 먹게

 

 눈이 와서 바닥이 얼었으니 다치지 않게 조심하세요. (Since the ground is frozen from the snow, be careful not to get hurt.)

 *다치다 to hurt 

  1) A verb stem is '다치-'

  2) Make is a negative sentence

  3) It conjugates with '-지 않다.'

  4) 다치지 않다.

  5) It conjugates with '-게'

  6) 다치지 않게

 

 기념사진을 찍게 모두 모여주세요. (Please gather everyone so we can take a commemorative photo.)

 *사진을 찍다 to take a photo

  1) A verb stem is '사진을 찍-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 사진을 찍게

 잠시 혼자 생각하게 시간을 주세요. (Give me some time to think alone for a while.)

 *생각하다 to think

  1) A verb stem is '생각하-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 생각하게

 

 배우들이 공연에 집중하게 핸드폰을 진동모드로 바꿔주세요. (Please change your phones to silent mode so the actors and actress can focus on the performance.)

 *집중하다 to focus on

  1) A verb stem is '집중하-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 집중하게

 

 할머니가 편하게 주무시게 조용히 해주세요. (Please be quiet so that Grandmother can sleep comfortably.)

 *주무시다 to sleep (a honorific word of '자다') 

  1) A adjective stem is '주무시-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 주무시게

*infinitive

 

3. Practice

 Would you be able to box up the pizza for me to take it?

 남은 피자 _________________ 포장해 주실래요? ( *들고 가다 to take )

 

 Driver, please hurry so that I will not be late for train.

 기사님 기차 시간에 _________________ 서둘러 주세요. ( *늦다 late / -지 않다 not )

 

 I guided everyone so that they could pass safely.

 모두가 안전하게 _________________ 안내했어요. ( *안전하다 safe )

 

 I called out louldy so that I could be heard from afar.

 멀리서도 _________________ 큰 소리로 불렀어요. ( *듣다 to listen / -을 수 있다 can )

 

 I made this dish not spicy so that foreigners can eat it.

 이 음식은 외국인도 _________________ 안 맵게 만들었어요. ( *맵다 spicy )

 

 Can you write it bigger so that it can be seen by the person sitting at the very back?

 맨 뒤에 앉은 사람도 _________________ 크게 써줄 수 있어요? ( *보이다 to be seen )

 

 I always wear a hat in winter so that I don't feel cold.

 겨울에 _________________ 늘 모자를 써요. ( *춥다 cold / -지 않다 not )

 

 Can you move a little to the side so that I can sit together?

 같이 _________________ 옆으로 조금만 비켜주실래요? ( *앉다 to sit )

 

 

4. Vocabulary

 나 I / 마시다 to drink / 물 water / 남기다 to leave / 오늘 today / 까지 by, till / 마무리하다 to finish / 서두르다 to hurry / 같이 together / 저녁 dinner / 먹다 to eat / 오다 to come / 눈이 오다 to snow / 바닥 ground / 얼다 to be frozen / 다치다 to hurt / 조심하다 to be careful / 기념사진 commemorative photo / 모두 all / 모이다 to gather / 잠시 for a while / 혼자 alone / 생각하다 to think / 시간 time / 배우 actor, actress / 공연 performance / 집중하다 to focus on / 핸드폰 phone / 진동모드 silent mode / 바꾸다 to change / 할머니 grandmother / 편하게 comfortably / 자다 to sleep / 조용하다 quiet / 남다 to left / 피자 pizza / 들고 가다 to bring / 기사님 driver / 기차 train / 시간 time / 늦다 to late / 서두르다 to hurry / 모두 everyone / 안전하다 safe / 지나가다 to pass / 안내하다 to guide / 멀다 far / 듣다 to listen / (소리)크다 loud / 소리 sound / 부르다 to call / 이 this / 음식 food / 외국인 foreigner / 맵다 spicy / 만들다 to make / 맨 뒤 very back / 앉다 to sit / 보다 to see / 겨울 winter / 춥다 cold / 늘 always / 모자 hat / 쓰다 to wear / 같이 toghether / 옆 side / 조금 a little / 비키다 to move

 

5. Answer

 들고 가게 / 늦지 않게 / 안전하게 / 들을 수 있게 / 먹을 수 있게 / 크게 / 춥지 않게 / 앉게