Korean grammar '-게(4)'

Korean grammar #80 '-게(4)'

1. Explanation

 : '-게(4)' is an ending particle that indicates a basis for asking. It is used when the speaker asks something based on an assumption, and afterward speaker presents the basis themselves. It is attached after verbs, adjectives and '이다', '아니다'. It always conjugates with '-게.' Let's look at the examples.

 

2. Examples

 더웠나 봐? 오자마자 에어컨을 틀게. (It must have been hot, right? Because you turned on the air conditioner as soon as you got home.)

 *틀다 to turn on 

  1) A verb stem is '틀-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게.'

  3) 틀게.

 

 피곤했나 봐? 차에 타자마자 잠들게. (You must have been tired. right? Because you fell asleep as soon as you got in the car.)

 *잠들다 to fall asleep

  1) A verb stem is '잠들-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게.'

  3) 잠들게.

 

 약속 있어? 향수를 뿌리게. (Do you have plans? Because you're spraying perfume.)

 *뿌리다 to spray

  1) A verb stem is '뿌리-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게.'

  3) 뿌리게.

 

 어디 아파? 밥을 남기게. (Are you okay? Because you're leaving food.)

 *남기다 to leave

  1) A verb stem is '남기-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게.'

  3) 남기게.

 

 복권 당첨됐어요? 하루 종일 웃게요. (Did you win the lottery? Because you're smiling all day long.)

 *웃다 to smile

  1) A verb stem is '웃-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 웃게.

  4) Make it as a polite expression

  5) Add honorific ending particle '-요.'

  6) 웃게요.

 

 많이 바빴나 봐요? 부재중 전화도 확인 못 하게요. (You must have been very busy, right? Because you didn't even check your missed call.)

 *하다 to do

  1) A verb stem is '하-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 하게.

  4) Make it as a polite expression

  5) Add honorific ending particle '-요.'

  6) 하게요.

 

 많이 배고팠나 봐요? 반찬도 없이 밥을 먹게요. (You must have been really hungry, right? Because you ate without any side dishes.)

 *먹다 to eat

  1) A verb stem is '먹-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) 먹게.

  4) Make it as a polite expression

  5) Add honorific ending particle '-요.'

  6) 먹게요.

 

 수업이 일찍 끝났나 봐요? 이렇게 일찍 집에 오게요. (Did the class end early? Because you came home this early.)

 *오다 to come 

  1) A verb stem is '오-'

  2) It conjugates with '-게'

  3) Add honorific ending particle '-요.'

  4) 오게요.

*Source : National Institute of Korean Language

 

3. Practice

 Are you going to meet your boyfriend? Because you are making up at this time.

 남자 친구 만나러 가요? 이 시간에 ________________. ( *화장을 하다 to make up )

 

 Wasn't your exam result good? Because you enrolled in the institute right after the exam.

 시험을 결과가 안 좋아요? 시험 끝나자마자 학원을 ________________. ( *등록하다 to enroll )

 

 Is there a marathon competition tomorrow dawn? Because you're already preparing to get some sleep.

 내일 마라톤 대회가 새벽에 있어요? 벌써부터 잘 ________________. ( *준비를 하다 to prepare )

 

 You must have done really well in your presentation. Because everyone I've met is praising you.

 발표를 엄청 잘했나 봐요. 만나는 사람마다 지수 씨 ________________. ( *칭찬을 하다 to praise)

 

 You might have a lot of work. Becuase you are still at the company.

 업무가 많은가 봐요. 아직도 회사에 ________________. ( *있다 be )

 

 Is today the day of taking the certification exam? Because you woke up early in the morning.

 오늘 자격증 시험 보는 날이에요? 아침부터 일찍 ________________. ( *일어나다 to wake up )

 

 Are there a lot of spicy foods in Poland? Because you're eating spicy food so comfortably.

 폴란드에도 매운 음식이 많아요? 매운 음식을 이렇게 편하게 ________________. ( *먹다 to eat )

 

 If I rest on the weekend anyway, I might be a public servant, not a freelancer. 

 주말이라고 무조건 쉬면, 제가 프리랜서가 아니라 공무원________________. ( *이다 be )

 

4. Vocabulary

 덥다 hot / -나 보다 it seems like / 오다 to come / -자마자 as soon as / 에어컨 air conditioner / 틀다 to turn on / 피곤하다 tired / 차 car / 타다 to get in / 잠들다 to fall asleep / 약속 plan / 있다 to have / 향수 perfume / 뿌리다 to spray / 어디 where / 아프다 to hurt / 밥 rice, meal, food / 남기다 to leave / 복권 lottery / 당첨되다 to win / 하루 종일 all day long / 웃다 to smile / 많이 very / 바쁘다 to busy / 부재중 missed / 전화 call / 확인하다 to check / 못 can't / 배고프다 hungry / 반찬 side dishes / 없이 without / 먹다 to eat / 수업 class / 일찍 early / 끝나다 to end / 이렇게 that / 일찍 early / 집 home / 남자친구 boyfriend / 이 this / 시간 time / 화장하다 to make up / 시험 exam / 결과 result / 좋다 good / 안 not / 끝나다 end / 학원 institute / 등록하다 to enroll / 내일 tomorrow / 마라톤 marathon / 대회 competition / 새벽 dawn / 있다 be /  벌써 already / 부터 from / 준비하다 to prepare / 발표 presentation / 엄청 really / 잘하다 to do well / 만나다 to meet / 사람 person / 칭찬하다 to praise / 업무 work / 많다  a lot of / 아직도 still / 회사 company / 오늘 today / 자격증 certification / (시험을) 보다 to take (an exam) / 날 a day / 아침 morning / 일찍 early / 일어나다 to wake up / 폴란드 Poland / 맵다 spicy / 음식 food / 편하다 comfort / 먹다 to eat / 주말 weekend / 무조건 unconditional / 쉬다 to rest / 프리랜서 freelancer / 공무원 public servant

 

5. Answer

 화장을 하게요. / 등록하게요. / 준비를 하게요. / 있게요. / 일어나게요. / 먹게요. / 이게요.